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| WEAD01 |
Gender: Reducing Vulnerability and Reinforcing Empowerment Opportunities |
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Oral Abstract Session : Track D
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| Venue: |
Session Room 2 |
| Time: |
25.07.2012, 11:00 - 12:30 |
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Co-Chairs:
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Changu Mannathoko, Botswana
Olive Shisana, South Africa
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11:00
WEAD0101
Abstract
Powerpoint | A longitudinal in-depth study of gender-specific experiences in antiretroviral treatment patients in South Africa
K. de Wet1, E. Wouters2
1Univiversity of the Free State, Sociology, Bloemfontein, South Africa, 2University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
K. de Wet, South Africa
| 11:13
WEAD0102
Abstract
Powerpoint | Critical consciousness, perceived racial discrimination and perceived gender discrimination in relation to demographics and HIV status in African American women
G. Kelso1, R. Cruise1, S. Dale1, K. Weber2, M. Cohen2, L. Brody1
1Boston University, Psychology, Boston, United States, 2Cook County Health & Hospital Systems, Chicago, United States
G. Kelso, United States
| 11:26
WEAD0103
Abstract | Gender disparities and inequitable gender norms: implications for HIV prevention programming in Zambia
W. Tun1, J. Keesbury2, F.N. Simmonds3, M. Sheehy4, T. Moyo3, C. Rathner5, S. Kalibala1
1Population Council, HIV and AIDS Program, Washington, United States, 2PATH, Washington, United States, 3Population Council, Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia, 4Population Council, HIV and AIDS Program, New York, United States, 5FHI 360 Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
W. Tun, United States
| 11:39
WEAD0104
Abstract
Powerpoint | Abuse and mortality in women with and at risk for HIV
K. Weber1, S. Cole2, D. Agniel1, R. Schwartz3, K. Anastos4, J. Burke-Miller1, M. Young5, E. Golub6, M. Cohen1,7
1Cook County Health & Hospital Systems, The CORE Center, Chicago, United States, 2University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, Epidemiology, Chapel Hill, United States, 3SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Preventative Medicine and Community Health, Brooklyn, United States, 4Montefiore Medical Center & Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Bronx, United States, 5Georgetown University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Washington, United States, 6Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States, 7Rush University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Chicago, United States
K. Weber, United States
| 11:52
WEAD0105
Abstract | Response to conditional cash transfers: prevention of HIV infection in wives in Pakistan
A. Khan1, R. Qazi2, N. Nazim3, A. Khan1
1Research and Development Solutions, Islamabad, Pakistan, 2Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan, 3Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan
A. Khan, Pakistan
| 12:05
WEAD0106
Abstract | HIV risk behaviour among victims and perpetrators of male-on-male sexual violence in South Africa: results from a population-based survey
K. Dunkle1, R. Jewkes2, D. Murdock1, Y. Sikweyiya2, R. Morrell3
1Emory University, Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Atlanta, United States, 2Medical Research Council of South Africa, Gender and Health Research Unit, Pretoria, South Africa, 3University of Cape Town, Programme for the Enhancement of Research Capacity, Cape Town, South Africa
K. Dunkle, United States
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| Powerpoints presentations |
| A longitudinal in-depth study of gender-specific experiences in antiretroviral treatment patients in South Africa - Katinka de Wet | | | A longitudinal in-depth study of gender-specific experiences in antiretroviral treatment patients in South Africa - Katinka de Wet | |
| Critical consciousness, perceived racial discrimination and perceived gender discrimination in relation to demographics and HIV status in African American women - Gwendolyn Kelso | |
| Abuse and mortality in women with and at risk for HIV - Kathleen Weber | |
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Rapporteur report
Track D report by Tirelo Modie-Moroka
Gender: Reducing Vulnerability and Reinforcing Empowerment Opportunities
Gender- specific vulnerability, critical consciousness, the GBV were the focus areas in this session. A study on gender-specific experiences in ARV patients (SA) by Wet found that apart from cases of lipodystrophy and its effects on women’s body image, women reported high knowledge of HIV, adherence and healthy lifestyles, whereas males tended to report the need to be in control and act strong, and being highly sexual and economically productive.
A study by Kelso on critical consciousness, perceived racial discrimination and perceived gender discrimination and HIV status in the USA found that among HIV-positive and HIV-negative African American women, older age, employment, and more education related to higher critical consciousness. A study on gender disparities and inequitable gender norms by Tun in Zambia found that 68% of females ever experienced either physical or sexual abuse, or both suggesting that inequitable gender norms are pervasive and may affect women's vulnerability to HIV and gender-based violence.
A study by Weber in the USA found GBV to be associated with reduced adherence, poor treatment outcomes, and higher mortality in women with HIV. Another study in Pakistan by Khan on the effect of conditional cash transfer on disclosure, condom use and VCT found that a targeted, low CCT could potentially help prevent HIV infections in wives of positive men through promoting VCT and disclosure. The study by Dunkle in South Africa found that men who reported any sexual victimization reported more sexual partners, lower condom use, increased participation in economically motivated sex with women, increased alcohol consumption, and increased perpetration of violence against both female intimate partners and against other men, and more STI symptoms.
Themes that emerged included the need for gender specific programming interventions to improve long-term ART outcomes; HIV interventions that raise critical consciousness and enable economic empowerment and the use of cash transfers for promoting VCT and disclosure. Interventions are needed to address the link between GBV and HIV as a public health priority. Further research is needed to identify possible biologic pathways underlying abuse related sequelae and to further examine male-on male violence and HIV risk and the social determinants of violence in society.
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